The story
History: facts, each with its source
AutoGuide says an open differential lets each wheel turn at its own speed, for smooth turns on the road, but sends more power to a wheel that has lost traction. A locking differential locks the left and right wheels together so they turn at the same speed.1
Chevrolet says locking the wheels of an axle together can help off road when one wheel is in the air, since torque goes to the tire that has grip.2